Philoshpy - Milton And Pope Essays - Religion, Literature

Philoshpy - Milton and Pope Alexander Pope's An Essay on Man is an attempt to vindicate, as Milton had attempted to justify, the ways of God to man. Both attempt to explain God to man, but come up with different conclusions. Milton states that man can overcome God's design through faith and decency. In contrast, Pope remarks that man must accept what life gives him without trying to change his fate. Milton seeks to "justify the ways of God to men" (Paradise Lost, 1.26) through example. Paradise Lost focuses on the fall of man and the consequences thereof. After the fall of man, Adam and Eve must endure their punishments, and achieve redemption. They can no longer live within the confines of Eden; but through faith and conviction they will persevere. God gives Adam and Eve free will and the use of reason. Although they choose poorly and are punished with the pains and sufferings of humanity, God allows Adam and Eve to live; though not as they were accustomed to in Paradise. They must live life as we know it; with its weaknesses, yearnings, inevitable defeats; but with the knowledge that they can overcome "To leave this Paradise, but shalt posses / A Paradise within thee, happier far" (Paradise Lost, 12.586-587). Similar to Milton, Pope tries to "vindicate the ways of God to man" (An Essay on Man, p. 2264.16), however he derives a different conclusion. Pope believes that "In pride, in reasoning pride, our error lies" (An Essay on Man, p. 2266.123). He sets out to demonstrate that no matter how imperfect and disturbingly evil the universe may appear; it is nonetheless a work of God and must be accepted "Then say not man's imperfect, Heaven in fault; / Say rather, man's as perfect as he ought" (An Essay on Man, p. 2265.69-70). It seems imperfect to us only because our perceptions are limited by our moral and intellectual capacity. His conclusion is "And, spite of pride, in erring reason's spite, / One truth is clear: Whatever is, is RIGHT" (An Essay on Man, p. 2270.291 - 292) that we must learn to accept our positions in the universe, in which we can, lead happy and virtuous lives. Both Milton and Pope try to defend the ways of God to man, but in different ways. Milton shows, through Adam and Eve, that man will suffer and experience pain while on earth, but they must overcome that suffering and remain good in all doing. Pope, on the other hand, realizes that there is pain and suffering but says that man must accept this and move on.

Free Essays on The Dark Ages of Europe

The Dark Ages of Europe were called such for several reasons. One of the more notorious reasons was the state of the Catholic Church. In the years before the Reformation, members of the Catholic clergy had reached an all time low in terms of their morality. The abuses of clerical power and privileges by the medieval clergy spanned all parts of their daily lives. Members of the Catholic clergy were financially, politically and socially corrupt. Each of these corruptions made up the enormous religious corruption that was the logical result of such debauchery. Of the several grievances against the Church, â€Å"[t]he first and sorest was that she loved money, and had too much of it for her own good† (Durant 17). Documents on the exact wealth of the Church in the Middle Ages simply do not exist. Historians, however, speculate that the Church’s share of the wealth made up anywhere from a fifth to three-quarters in each of England, France and Germany. â€Å"In Italy, of course, one third of the peninsula belonged to the Church as the Papal States, and she owned rich properties in the rest† (Durant 17). The clergy was notorious for sucking money out of the people any way they could. They were known to have sold false relics to unsuspecting believers, passing animal bones and bits of torn cloak as those of Christ. Often times â€Å"priests†¦charged a mite too much for burial services† (Mee 151) or raised the amount of taxes due by a few ducats. Charging extra for taxes was not difficult because clergy often served as local officials, including those in charge of collecting taxes (Clifford 7). Had he Church been using the skimmed/scammed money for legitimate Church purposes, it may not have been so insulting. However, it was blatantly obvious that the cash was going to the clergy, who were becoming worldlier by the day. Even the papacy, the highest representative of God’s church on Earth, had become almost mortally corrupted. Pope Clemen... Free Essays on The Dark Ages of Europe Free Essays on The Dark Ages of Europe The Dark Ages of Europe were called such for several reasons. One of the more notorious reasons was the state of the Catholic Church. In the years before the Reformation, members of the Catholic clergy had reached an all time low in terms of their morality. The abuses of clerical power and privileges by the medieval clergy spanned all parts of their daily lives. Members of the Catholic clergy were financially, politically and socially corrupt. Each of these corruptions made up the enormous religious corruption that was the logical result of such debauchery. Of the several grievances against the Church, â€Å"[t]he first and sorest was that she loved money, and had too much of it for her own good† (Durant 17). Documents on the exact wealth of the Church in the Middle Ages simply do not exist. Historians, however, speculate that the Church’s share of the wealth made up anywhere from a fifth to three-quarters in each of England, France and Germany. â€Å"In Italy, of course, one third of the peninsula belonged to the Church as the Papal States, and she owned rich properties in the rest† (Durant 17). The clergy was notorious for sucking money out of the people any way they could. They were known to have sold false relics to unsuspecting believers, passing animal bones and bits of torn cloak as those of Christ. Often times â€Å"priests†¦charged a mite too much for burial services† (Mee 151) or raised the amount of taxes due by a few ducats. Charging extra for taxes was not difficult because clergy often served as local officials, including those in charge of collecting taxes (Clifford 7). Had he Church been using the skimmed/scammed money for legitimate Church purposes, it may not have been so insulting. However, it was blatantly obvious that the cash was going to the clergy, who were becoming worldlier by the day. Even the papacy, the highest representative of God’s church on Earth, had become almost mortally corrupted. Pope Clemen...

Biography of Margaret of Anjou, Henry VIs Queen

Biography of Margaret of Anjou, Henry VI's Queen Margaret of Anjou (March 23, 1429–August 25, 1482) was the queen consort of Henry VI of England and a leader of the Lancastrian side in the  Wars of the Roses  (1455–1485), a series of battles for the English throne between the houses of York and Lancaster, both of which descended from Edward III.  Her marriage to the ineffectual, mentally unbalanced Henry VI was arranged as part of a truce in another conflict, the  Hundred Years’ War between  France  and England.  Margaret appears many times in William Shakespeares history plays. Fast Facts: Margaret of Anjou Known For: Henry VIs queen and a fierce partisanAlso Known As: Queen MargaretBorn: March 23, 1429, probably in PontMousson,  FranceParents: Renà © I, Count  of  Anjou; Isabella, duchess of LorraineDied: Aug. 25, 1482 in Anjou province, FranceSpouse: Henry VIChild: Edward Early Life Margaret of Anjou was born on March 23, 1429, probably in PontMousson,  France, in the Lorraine region. She was raised in the chaos of a family feud between her father and her fathers uncle in which her father, Renà © I, Count  of  Anjou and King of Naples and Sicily, was imprisoned for some years. Her mother Isabella, duchess of Lorraine in her own right, was well educated for her time. Because Margaret spent much of her childhood in the company of her mother and her fathers mother, Yolande of Aragon, Margaret was well educated as well. Marriage to Henry VI On April 23, 1445, Margaret married Henry VI of England. Her marriage to Henry was arranged by William de la Pole, later duke of Suffolk, part of the Lancastrian party in the Wars of the Roses. The marriage defeated plans by the House of York, the opposing side, to find a bride for Henry. The wars were named many years afterward from the symbols of the contending parties: the white rose of York and the red of Lancaster. The king of France negotiated Margarets marriage as part of the Truce of Tours, which gave control of Anjou back to France and provided for peace between England and France, temporarily suspending the fighting known later as the Hundred Years War. Margaret was crowned at Westminster Abbey. Henry had inherited his crown when he was an infant, becoming king of England and claiming kingship of France. The French dauphin Charles was crowned as Charles VII with the aid of Joan of Arc in 1429, and Henry had lost most of France by 1453. During Henrys youth, he had been educated and raised by Lancastrians while the duke of York, Henrys uncle, held the power as protector. Margaret played a significant role in her husbands reign, responsible for raising taxes and for match-making among the aristocracy. In 1448, she founded Queens College, Cambridge. Birth of an Heir In 1453, Henry was taken ill with what has usually been described as a bout of insanity; Richard, duke of York, again became protector. But Margaret of Anjou gave birth to a son, Edward, on Oct. 13, 1451, and the duke of York was no longer heir to the throne. Rumors later surfaced- useful to the Yorkists- that Henry was unable to father a child and that Margarets son must be illegitimate. Wars of the Roses Begin After Henry recovered in 1454, Margaret became involved in Lancastrian politics, defending her sons claim as the rightful heir. Between different claims to succession and the scandal of Margarets active role in leadership, the Wars of the Roses began at the battle of St. Albans in 1455. Margaret took an active role in the struggle. She outlawed the Yorkist leaders in 1459, refusing recognition of York as Henrys heir. In 1460, York was killed. His son Edward, then duke of York and later Edward IV, allied with Richard Neville, earl of Warwick, as leaders of the Yorkist party. In 1461, the Lancastrians were defeated at Towton. Edward, son of the late duke of York, became king. Margaret, Henry, and their son went to Scotland; Margaret then went to France and helped arrange French support for an invasion of England, but the forces failed in 1463. Henry was captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London in 1465. Warwick, called Kingmaker, helped Edward IV in his initial victory over Henry VI. After a falling out with Edward, Warwick changed sides and supported Margaret in her cause to restore Henry VI to the throne, which they succeeded in doing in 1470. Warwicks daughter Isabella Neville was married to George, duke of Clarence, son of the late Richard, duke of York. Clarence was the brother of Edward IV and also brother of the next king, Richard III. In 1470, Warwick married (or perhaps formally betrothed) his second daughter Anne Neville to Edward, prince of Wales, son of Margaret and Henry  VI, so both Warwicks bases were covered. Defeat and Death Margaret returned to England on April 14, 1471, and on the same day, Warwick was killed at Barnet. In May 1471, Margaret and her supporters were defeated at the battle of Tewkesbury, where Margaret was taken prisoner and her son Edward was killed. Soon afterward her husband, Henry VI, died in the Tower of London, presumably murdered. Margaret was imprisoned in England for five years. In 1476, the king of France paid a ransom to England for her, and she returned to France, where she lived in poverty until her death on Aug. 25, 1482, in Anjou. Legacy As Margaret and later Queen Margaret, Margaret of Anjou has played major roles in various fictional accounts of the tumultuous era. She is a character in four of William Shakespeares plays, all three Henry VI plays and Richard III. Shakespeare compressed and changed events, either because his sources were incorrect or for the sake of the literary plot, so Margarets representations in Shakespeare are more iconic than historical. The queen, a fierce fighter for her son, her husband, and the House of Lancaster, was described as such in Shakespeares The Third Part of King Henry VI: She-wolf of France, but worse than wolves of France, Whose tongue more poisons than the adders tooth Always strong-willed and ambitious, Margaret was relentless in her efforts to secure the crown for her son, but she ultimately failed. Her fierce partisanship embittered her enemies, and the Yorkists didnt hesitate to allege that her son was a bastard. Sources Margaret of Anjou. Encyclopedia.com.Margaret of Anjou: Queen of England. Encyclopedia Britannica.Margaret of Anjou. New World Encyclopedia.10 Facts About Margaret of Anjou. Historyhit.com.

Week 5 Journal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Week 5 Journal - Essay Example All these countries have the highest number of Muslims. Almost 70% of the population in the host countries consists of Muslims (Cordesman, 2015). Since ISIL aims at turning the world into an Islamic State, it targets such countries for easy radicalization, religious and political control, and abolishment of democracy. Since it is dominant in Syria and Iraq, it has the ability to control most government operations through its involvement in politics, economical maters; oil issues, and religious issues (Laub & Masters, 2015). This gives an indicator that these two governments in one way or the other support ISIL’s operations. It is known that most governments in the Middle East do not like America’s involvement in its affairs; it appreciates ISIL’s resistance against America and thus quietly funds it. However, while other terrorist organizations solely rely on financial networks from sympathizers, ISIL derives its wealth from oil sales, taxes, and extortion. However, in return, it institutes order, which include punishing those who go against the Islamic religion, and protects the locals from the Assad and Maliki regimes (Tabler, 2014). It is controversial on how ISIL operates in its host countries. This is because it covered by political parties and other governmental organs, which make its operations invisible to whoever tries to fight it. However, it must be known that ISIL is a terrorist organization fought against by most governments. In fact, it has been suggested that the groups can be wiped out by Iran, as a move to help Iraq realize its own path. Cordesman Anthony H. (2015, May 1). The First Inspector General Report on the Fight Against ISIL: A Public Relations Exercise Without Meaningful Transparency. Center for Strategic & International Studies. Retrieved Jun 7, 2015 from: http://csis.org/files/publication/150501_commentary.pdf. Tabler Andrew J. (2014, Aug 11). ISIL Could

Responsibility for Violation of the Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Responsibility for Violation of the Law - Essay Example George saw Arthur approaching and said to him ‘what are you doing here you nutter.’ Arthur was incensed by this and swung a punch at George which missed George and hit Tony in the face. Tony fell off the bridge and landed on the side of the river not moving. Arthur took out the knife and told George he was going to kill him and moved forward to stab him. George ran off into the path of a bus and was killed instantly. Arthur ran away from the scene and went to Larry’s house to deliver some heroin to him as he regularly supplied him. Larry asked Arthur to prepare a syringe with the heroin which Arthur then gave to Larry who injected himself. Larry immediately had convulsions after injecting himself and fell unconscious. Arthur thought Larry was dead and decided to set fire to the house in case he got the blame. After setting fire to it, he left the house and headed home. He passed the bridge where he had been earlier and saw Tony’s body by the side of the river as no one else had noticed it. He went down to the body and thinking Tony was dead, he pushed the body into the water as he did not want Tony to be found. Tony was in fact still alive and died as a result of drowning in the river. A neighbor of Larry’s noticed the smoke and called the fire brigade and Larry was found dead in the house.   It is likely that since Arthur was acting under the influence of drugs the defense counsel for Arthur would attempt to prove automatism in order to avoid Arthur being charged with murder.  Ã‚  

Harley Davidson Essay Example for Free

Harley Davidson Essay Mission Statement Our diversity mission is to foster a culture that integrates diversity and inclusion into all aspects of the business in order to further fulfill dreams through the experiences of motorcycling.   Vision Statement Harley-Davidson values, embraces and celebrates diversity in order to develop and continuously improve mutually beneficial relationships with stakeholders to fulfill dreams and provide extraordinary customer experiences in an increasingly dynamic, diverse and global market. Objectives   Create a viable brand that would effectively compete within the Non-Menthol, Lo-Fi category. Attract more young adult (25-49) male smokers into the Lorillard family.   Develop a highly targeted â€Å"Niche Brand’ that would generate modest share goals.   Build strong brand awareness and imaginary.   Gain trial and repeat purchase.   Create consumer confidence. Strategies   MARKET PENETRATION Get some more market share from the existing market, like U. S, U. K, and Japan etc through more marketing techniques like advertising. Harley-Davidson has a good brand name so it’s easy for them to eat up the competitor market share if they can provide some more customer benefit. PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT Younger generation and female are now coming to this segment so expand the motor cycle segments to younger generation and females.   MARKET DEVELOPMENT Harley-Davidson can bring in their vehicle to Asian countries like India and China, because these countries have a high population and the market potential is also high.   DIVERSIFICATION Bring new bikes to attract customer and market. INVESTING IN THE BRAND The Company is reinforcing its support of the Harley-Davidson brand, accelerating its ongoing marketing efforts to reach out to emerging rider groups, including younger and diverse riders. In addition, the Company will continue to focus on product innovations targeted at specific growth opportunities with its strong core customer base and new riders.   ADJUSTING THE COST STRUCTURE Consolidate its two engine and transmission plants in the Milwaukee area into its facility in Menomonee Falls, Wis. OBTAINING ADDITIONAL FUNDING FOR HDFS The Company said it is evaluating a range of options to provide the necessary liquidity for the wholesale and retail lending activities of Harley-Davidson Financial Services (HDFS)   Recommended Mission To be branded as the best motorcycle available in the world. Recommended Vision The best quality motorcycle, motorcycle products and financial services will be provided worldwide is the commitment of Harley-Davidson. Customer satisfaction is our motto and the Harley-Davidson customers can experience the taste of reality of motorcycle dreams by relaying their satisfaction on us. Harley- Davidson is dedicated to use the advanced technology to produce the most superior motorcycle in domestic and international markets. Stay competitive and continue growth worldwide remain profitable and survive is our philosophy. Employees of Harley-Davidson are the foundation of the company and they are the driving force behind the Harley-Davidson name. The total team effort of Harley-Davidson employees is devoted to fulfilling dreams of customers and we believe that there is not a motorcycle riding experience like a Harley-Davidson’s. Excellence is our push though our Harley-Davidson bar and shield logo that says superior quality. Honesty and customer loyalty and these morals are the heartbeat of Harley-Davidson organization. Harley-Davidson do our part in supporting all environmental laws in every country we do business. Determination and commitment is the place where Harley-Davidson intends to stay.   External Opportunities The European demand for Harley Davidson is the highest in the international market and represents the single largest motorcycle market in the world Women and younger riders are increasing becoming interested in bikes The international heavy weight market is growing and is now larger than the U. S. heavyweight market Market share increasing in Europe and Asia for the last two years   Increasing demand in US markets for bike. Customers value quality parts   External Threats   Harley’s ongoing capacity restraints caused a shortage supply and a loss in domestic market share in recent years.   Harley’s average buying age is 42 years old and increasing.   The European Union’s motorcycles noise standards are more stringent than those of Environmental Protection Agencies in the U. S and increased environmental stand. Some competitors of Harley Davidson have larger financial and marketing resources and they are more diversified.   Environmental protection laws. S customers to the Asian customers they can increase the sales.   PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT Younger generation and female are now coming to this segment so expand the motor cycle segments to younger generation and females.   In Europe they can increase or expand the Buell’s market share by introducing new motorcycles.   MARKET DEVELOPMENT   Harley-Davidson can bring in their vehicle to Asian countries like India and China, because these countries have a high population and the market potential is also high. The cost to bring in the old vehicles (old product) to India is so much difficult because there are so much environmental laws are there which won’t allow that type of vehicles to come to India, and its difficult that taxes and levis are high in India so starting new plant in India can solve this problem. Negotiations with the Government can solve these problems. DIVERSIFICATION Bring in new vehicles to new markets like India and china is a good choice, but it’s too costly.   Bringing new types of recreational vehicles is a best choice.   Recommended Long-Term Objectives. Establish Harley-Davidson as a recognized leader in the development and participation of its people, to maximize each employees potential. Grow and maintain demand by providing exceptional product styling, performance, quality, reliability and customer service at prices our customers can afford.   Meet the demand by expanding our existing distribution and manufacturing capacity, and, where necessary, adding new production and retail distribution points.   Improve information services capabilities to enable all stakeholders to easily do business with Harley-Davidson, through the creative integration of information technologies. Drive financial results to the levels achieved by acknowledged high-performing companies.   Recommended Procedure for Strategy Review and Evaluation   Review underlying bases of strategy   Once again prepare all the internal and external analysis.   Compare the already prepared analysis with the one which will be prepared after the new strategy implementation. Measuring organization preferences Analyze all financial ratios current and the future.   If any advantage, then implement the new strategy, otherwise continue with the present one.

A Story About Wwf :: essays research papers

"Welcome everybody to 'Raw IS War'! Tonight's main event is Sting verses Shawn Michaels for the WWF World Heavyweight Championship. Before we begin, here is a little information on the challenger, Sting," announced Vince McCann."He hails from Death Valley, California. At 7 feet tall and over 300 pounds, he is the biggest wrestler in the WWF. He is the 'Man from the dark side'," Jim Ross stated."Ladies and Gentlemen..... here is your challenger........ Sting!"The crowd cheers as Sting walks down the ramp. He is stopped at the bottom of the ramp to be interviewed by Gene Oakerland. "Sting, if I can ask you one question. Why do you want the title so badly?" " Well Gene, ever since I was a child, the championship belt has been held by disrespecting degenerates. I feel it's time for a real champion get the belt. That is why I'm here, I'm the people's cham....." Before sting could finish his sentence he is attacked by HHH. HHH's partner distracted the referee long enough for him to deliver the devastating 'Piledriver'. With Sting's head exposed, HHH drops to the ground and drives Sting's exposed head on the cement floor. The force was enough to break his neck. Sting was knocked out from the force of the impact. When he awoke, he was in an ambulance."Where am I? Somebody please tell me where I am," Sting pleaded. The paramedic treated him to calm down. "I can't move! I can't move" he would say.It took about half an hour to Sharp Hospital. Two doctors were waiting for him when he arrived. The immediately took him to the operating room. It was here that Sting found out that he had suffered a broken spine. The doctor ordered an experimental operation. It was a highly dangerous operation. One mess up could kill the superstar. It took five hours to complete the difficult operation. Sting was wheeled into his private room.To make him feel more at home, the room was decorated with WWF merchandise. When Sting woke up, he had a sharp pain in his neck. The doctor gave him some medicine to help. It worked a little bit. About three hours after he woke up, a doctor came in and told him that he probably never be able to wrestle again. Sting heart sunk. He didn't want to hear that. It was about seven in the morning when Sting went to sleep.

Characteristics of Public Administration

Principles of Public Administration 1. 0 Introduction. This article discusses how have principles of public administration been applied to positively advance each of the following fields: education, transportation, health care, community development, law enforcement, and environmental policy. Also, the article hypothesizes what would become of the aforementioned services in the absence of a public administration system. The means by which public administration achieves its goals and the responsibilities vested on it are solely dependant on tactical principles and practices utilized to execute them.In order for the public administrators to achieve the set targets they must adhere to a set of orchestrated instruments or regulations by the government of the day so that they don’t deviate from the initial intended objectives. The public sector plays crucial roles in ensuring that the general populace is well tended to and that their individual rights are respected. The administrat ors of public policies are governors who are as well governed through established government principles, to ensure that they don’t compromise quality of vital aspects of public requirements.Policies implemented by the government to public administrators as devices though which the public sector is ale to reach out to the people. Principles codify value system that is intrinsically part of governments, social, political and legal arena. Through codified public policies governors adhere to the governing principles, upon which the responsibilities ascribed to the public governance are succinctly met. 2. 0 Defining Public Administration. Public Administration is the development, implementation and study of branches of government policy linked to pursuing the public good by enhancing civil society and social justice.In the past public administration was synonymous to government management, however, with increased vigor in participation of private sector into public matters some NG O’S committed to serve the public have joined the public sector. Public administration has gained credibility over time owing to change in governance and management process. Moreover, due to the sensitivity of the activities carried out by Public administrators and the participation of private sector change in quality of the services offered by the government became inevitable.The public servants attain knowledge and skills of executing duties in a program through trained policy analysts who are thoroughly founded with the background information on how to manage the public resources. Through public servants, interests of the general public are served in a satisfactory cost-effective manner the public servants are mandated to oversee each implemented activity on daily. Generally, public administration gears its efforts towards understanding public entities and how they interrelate with others and the immediate world.Organizations that work under public administration are organ ized and managed to realize deliberately structured goals in the near future. Through public policy programs the government responds to the needs and interests of the Nation through satisfying them with the available resources . 3. 0 Principles of Public Administration. Public administration is a complex process, it involves social, economical, legal and political matters al interwoven together. Due to the complexity of its nature, management and regulation of the public sector becomes a hurdle.In order for the public administration to be well regulated and governed bracket laws had to be implemented to cover all spheres and aspects of the sector. A unifying common law to govern public sector has been a very controversial issue in the U. S, this could be accrued to the governors’ reluctance to be restricted by statutes which could tether the added advantages associated with the public sector. With time however, due to emerge of democratic tendencies elements that initiate goo d management and governance have been embraced.Political evolution has led to accord on the key principles that can be implemented to ensure that the services delivered to the public by the government are excellent. The key identified principles are:- 3. 1. Reliability and predictability: This principle declares that in order for the government initiative in form of services or practice to be deemed as satisfactory it must be reliable by being consisted and accurate in meeting the potential needs for which it was intended for.The government programs should be predictable a factor that can only be attained through consisted effort whereby the government agencies in charge of the programs don’t fluctuate in executing their duties in a systematic manner. On the same note the programs implemented by the government to serve the needs of public should have legal certainty or judicial security. 3. 2. Openness and transparency: The government serves the society through tax levies and other customs exerted on them through added costs.In return, the government is supposed to govern the obtained resources, plan and allocate them to various public programs in order to satisfy the public needs better. The public is aware that the government derives its funds from their resources, so it becomes increasingly important for the public to know hoe the government tis using their resources to sponsor public programs. In order for the public to trust the government of the day, the government avails all the necessary details concerning the programs so that the government doesn’t appear to have creepy motives . 3. Accountability: The government sponsored programs are normally accountable for all activities and procedures carried out in their programs which are geared towards public satisfaction. Accountability, per se is whereby the government justifies the actions it pursues in its endeavor to serve the public and at the same time taking responsibility for the actions it pursues in achieving its objectives whether they have positive or negative implications. 3. 4.Efficiency and effectiveness: Efficiency is a principle employed by the government sponsored programs to ensure that all the resources at the disposal of the government are utilized without wastage of time, increased expense or effort wastage. When the government embraces efficiency in its procedures it becomes effectual in meeting public needs without wasting time or effort or expense. Public administration ideals and doctrine principles have enhanced better performance in public sector creating union amongst the many areas that need to be administered properly in order to serve the public better.In the U. S the government has been able to embrace the key principles vital for ensuing that all the programs that serve public interest run coherently and are able to meet the desired needs of the public. Each sector served by the government becomes effective in meeting the social needs by e mbracing the principles of public administration. 4. 0 Positive principles in governance that enhance competence in education sector The administration of primary and secondary public education in the United States is conducted primarily by state governments in conjunction with local school districts .All states with the exception of Hawaii employ the structure of local school districts as the direct administrators of public primary and secondary education . The significance of education to the U. S populace was evidenced by inclusion in all 50 state constitutions of a clause. . This clause mandated the government of the day to pursue the responsibility of offering quality education by ensuring that the education programs are properly managed through school districts. In the U.S State involvement in public education has grown significantly during the twentieth century for instance there has been additional programs implemented in the education sector such as. Computerized teaching p rograms, advanced vocational training, all inclusive education for the physically challenged and many more. Americans view education as a key element of civic engagement in a democratic society and as the basis for skill training necessary for gainful employment in a rapidly changing economy.Over time the government bodies in charge of education have become efficient through accountability for all the processes and procedures they carry out. Each department of the U. S education sector carries out research on how to improve public governance and gives the recommendations to the state in order for it to assimilate them in its operations. The general public has continuously made demands on improvement of educational sector a fact that has made the U.S government to step up its efficiency in delivering public education through integrations of, vocational education, improving curriculum and facilities, and increasing teacher preparedness through specialized training programs. The princi ple of transparency has been embraced in the educational realm by allowing the public to have access to government reports concerning educational matters. The involvement of the general public in school governance through educational boards has helped a great deal in enhancing the educational program efficiency in meeting the needs of the citizens as well. 5. Positive principles in governance that enhance competence in Transport sector. The government ensures that it’s well aware of the current operations on the roads, railroads, at ports and airports at all the times through a systematic regulatory mechanism of the transport sector in order to boost efficiency through better management and operations. Some key sectors like the airport, water ways are prone to attack by the terrorists hence the government utilizes non-intrusive, automatic sensors, computers and communications in order to extract the necessary information and facts that could be used to deduce security threat. On the road sector the government employs the principles of efficiency to enhance effectiveness through gathering and processing system use and condition information, forecasting conditions that will hamper travel, optimizing traffic signal and ramp meter timing based on actual conditions so that vehicle stops and delay are minimized, identifying and responding quickly to accidents and other incidents before queues can build, and coordinating traffic operations with other operators, including support to commercial and transit fleet managers for efficient routing around incidents/closures or for oversize trucks and hazardous cargoes.In addition to system management purposes, the data can also be used for performance measurement, planning, and traveler information. The government has increased efficiency of the transport sector by enhancing better user services by providing vital information such as en-route information and route guidance, and travel services. The information availed to the travelers, shippers and fleet operators help them to obtain instant information for planning routes and selecting modes before and during trips Through the traffic police, the government is able to make roads safe for commuters, with immediate notification of collisions, road and lane closures, and other conditions that might impact highway, transit or fleet operations. The over speeding road users, drunkards and the people violating traffic rules are taken under the custody of traffic police to ensure that they don’t cause damage to other road users.Incase of a break down road users get informed on alternative routes and travel options . The government has also made the transport sector reliable for users and the travelers who seek fun by providing information on travel destinations and accommodations, such as gas stations, lodging, attractions, and restaurants. The general public is able to benefit massively by operational efficiency implemented by the public sector through road infrastructure development and enhanced transport facilities.The transport sector is able to account for losses experienced through the transport sector; the government has implemented technologies real-time traffic, road, weather and other system conditions . The equipments used to enhance smooth flow of traffic and incident detection include detector loops, closed circuit TV, vehicle probes, and other sensors .The management of transport sector ensures that there are centers in place that are used to process incoming traffic information and helps the sector to respond promptly to any occurring incidences, by alerting the general public and also taking measures to ensure the occurring incidences don’t stop the general flow of transport and communication. Computerized traffic signal systems, ramp meters, rail grade crossing and other traffic control systems have been implemented to help the transport sector manage the system of commuting. 6. Positive principles i n governance that enhance competence in Community Development sector. The government is actively involved in community based programmes through agencies that help the community by strengthening the health, safety, self-reliance and economic vitality of individuals and families. The public administrations reach out to the community through partnerships to provide service and material backing. From the level of federal to the state level there are programs implemented to reach out to low-income and vulnerable people who are integral to the development of thriving communities .A program to cater for crime victims called Crime Victims Advocacy is reaches out to the community to cater for the needs of crime victims the program serves the community through the following methodologies: by foremost providing advocacy services to the affected victims of crime, this they do by needed services and resources the program also administers funds for community programs working with crime victims; a ssists communities in planning and implementing services for crime victims; and Advising local and state government agencies of practices, policies, and priorities which impact crime victims.Victims of crime who feel that they have not been accorded justice or that their rights have been trodden on forward their grievances to the community advocacy to fight for them. Developmental Disabilities Council is a council which fights for the rights and well being of the disabled vulnerable community; it caters for their educational and physical needs and ensuring that they are well treated in their homes.This community based program is funded and managed by the federal state and trickles down to the other sectors of economy through community ramifications. The principles of public administration employed to ensure that the community is well served by the federal state include efficiency through management agencies which scrutinize all the programs under community development to ensure that they execute the duties and tasks vested on them. This way the program becomes effective in meeting the needs of the community.Accountability is attained through auditing and generation of reports that are available for public and private viewing. Transparency in community development is attained through community members’ involvement the agencies blend and integrate their views with the desires of the potential communities that await their support. Programs like Work First's Community Jobs. , and other work programs help the general populace to gain access to employment and get financially empowered to support the poor families.The young people who have vocational training are able to get jobs through such arrangements to minimize their reliance on welfare programs statistics indicate that more than a quarter of Americans are without assets living paycheck to paycheck without savings or investments in equity like a home or small business . The community development programs target this kind of populace so that they can train them and empower them through employments in order to break the vicious cycle of poverty and help them acquire financial stability.Through community development initiative asset building is initiated and it provides ground-breaking ways to improve local economies and the lives of the vulnerable citizens who are not able to cater for their basic needs. Community development programs offers start-up support and free consultation for asset building activities in local communities. Through the principles of transparency, and accountability funds are disseminated to the needy populace and a follow up program to ensure tat the funds provided are put into proper use ensues.The Office of Community Planning and Development (CPD) seeks to develop viable communities by promoting integrated approaches that provide decent housing, a suitable living environment, and expand economic opportunities for low and moderate income persons. The communit y development programs initiated by the government are able to trickle down to the expected citizens through partnerships among all levels of government and the private sector, including for-profit and non-profit organizations Community Mobilization program is effectively used to deter the young population from use or abuse of drug substances.The (CM). Community Mobilization provides visions to various community members participating in creating and sustaining healthy, safe, economically viable communities, free from alcohol, tobacco, and other drugs . Violence and involvement in illegal activities is combated through educative programs which give the youths an alternative to violent activities. CM achieves its mission through collaboration, cooperation, communication, commitment, and competency in dealing with diverse range of populace. . 0 Positive principles in governance that enhance competence in Law Enforcement sector. Innovative practices are employed by this sector to reach out to the public; strategies are employed by the federal government in respect to coordination and delivery of law enforcement and public safety . The government is able to ensure defense and security for the citizens at the same time ensuring that the citizens adhere to the rules and regulations of the state.Through bodies like Department of Justice, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Drug Enforcement Administration, National Institute of Justice, Secret Service, Immigrations Customs and Enforcement the government is able to administer to all legal needs of the U. S citizens. The public administration body endeavors to ensure that justice is accorded to all irrespective of their age and social standing. Moreover, the justice system is accountable for all the legal decisions made and tries to be efficient by ensuring that the rights of the citizens are followed whether they commit crime or not.For accountability purposes the law enforcement body ensures that all reports are well kept and can be verifiable through established facts. Efficiency is created by use of qualified and dedicated personnel in the field of law enforcement . Through advanced technology the police are able to prevent crime, take law offenders under their custody and ensure that justice is accorded to the offended parties. Transparency comes in when lawyers are involved in the cases of offenders and offended, the citizens get to hear and know facts before a verdict is passed on them.Crime prevention, policing and community safety. 8. 0 Positive principles in governance that enhance competence in Health Care sector. Through the United States Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), a U. S cabinet department the which pursues the government goal of protecting the American’s health at the same time offering essential human services. The cabinet department was created by President Jimmy Cater in the year 1979. urrently, the department is administered and regulated by the United Stat es Secretary of Health and Human Services, is responsible for addressing matters concerning public health as authorized by the Secretary or by the Assistant Secretary of Health in addition to his primary mission of administering the Commissioned Corps. Under HHS are so many branches which have specific tasks allocated to them to enhance specialization in offering good health care to the general public. the human health service works through its main branches to meet the needs of the U.S citizens for instance Administration for Children and Families (ACF) is a part of HHS which is mainly concerned with child welfare, through the families the office is able to reach out to the children and ensure that their health is well tended to and that issues like immunization are offered to children to reduce mortality rate. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) is an office in the health care fraternity which establishes facts through research and fact finding. The center enhance kn owledge on particular disease and seeks to find out the best cure for diseases which are still puzzle to the medical fraternity.It works in conjunction with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Integrity is employed when conducting research the office does not implement cruel methods in establishing effectiveness of s drug when they invent it, animal testing is thoroughly avoided and for ant respondents who are used to experiment on a new introduced drunk there is usually a written consent and they get compensation for it. HHS has spread its branches both in federal and state level in order to reach out to the masses in the U. S populace and provide efficient services.The principle of accountability which cuts across all the publicly administered departments is employed in public medical services, the services provided meet the required standards and the medical fraternity takes responsibility for any harm they may cause to public The Substance Abuse and Mental Health Service s Administration (SAMHSA) caters for the vulnerable population which offers from mental damage and are unable to do their duties normally, under public administration the needs of the mentally ill is catered for.Moreover, drug abusers who need to be rehabilitated back to normality, are also tended here the right professional are used to reach out to all the dire cases of mental illness and through them effective health service is offered. 9. 0 Positive principles in governance that enhance competence in Environmental Policy The federal government has set up environmental policies which basically deal with legislating the Clean Air Act, the Clean Water Act, and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA).The stated acts enable the government to actively participate in environmental conservation to ensure that the environment doe not get deteriorated rather its conserved and well tended for the benefits of future generations. Currently the government works in consensus with the indus trial sector to ensure that there is less emission into the air, this is an efficient way of ensuring that there is no more remission of green house gases into the atmosphere as it has dire repercussions on the environment.Through the government budget funds have been allocated to help in the research effort carried out by the research institute on how to reduce emissions into the atmosphere, measures that would ensure that the environment does not get polluted. The government too has used the principle of accountability whereby it admits the errors of the past of not controlling the pollution rates and now it endeavors to offer excellent solutions to the escalating pollution of water air and the atmosphere through industrial activities.Due to the increased public awareness of the ill impacts of air pollution the government works in consensus with the general public through enlightening projects which helps the public to realize the dangers of environmental pollution in order for th em to take caution. 10. 0 hypothetic suppositions on what would happen in absence of Public administration. If the governance and control of the government was replaced by another body or was obliterated all together a lot of things would come to a sudden holt. To begin with the U.S citizens would be forced to pay extra money for all the services provided for free by the government, such services include, free medications and free access to education, consequently a lot of people who are classified as low and middle class will lack basic necessities like medicine and education which the state offers to them for free . On the other hand, the issue of insecurity will go way out of control because the private sector does not have enough machinery like the public administration, more over crime rates will go up since mechanisms to counter crimes will have been altered .There will be increased mortality rate since child health will not be well catered for, some of the people who cannot a fford medications for themselves may die out of cronical diseases and this may lead to low life expectancy. A lot of young people will languish aimlessly with no jobs or means to support them and they may end up taking drugs because they will be idle and frustrated a fact that may force them to acquire bad habits. Unfortunately there will be no Medicare for free and such youths will be most likely unable to acquire medications for them and they will.The transport sector will be all messed up, there will be no control mechanisms or means to nub the offenders, hence road accidents will increase and deaths attributed to accidents will increase. The mechanisms to check and report on incidences that may hamper road and other transport systems will not be in use therefore the transport sector will lack focus and eventually collapse and affect the U. S economy so badly . In nutshell, without the public administration every body would suffers one way or the other all the U.S citizens depend on the public administration, it will be impossible to lead a normal life without the public services well manned under public administration. II. Conclusion. Public administration is the back bone of all the states provided services to the U. S citizens (Canadians, French, British-UK, Russia, any country in the world), the administration could never work well unless it was under regulations and it operated using policies which act as guidelines on how services are delivered.If the aspect of principles and guidelines is overlooked in ensuring delivery of services, the public sector could never be able to meet the needs of the general citizens. Through the established principles which act as blue print on the directions of the government goals, the government is not only able to manage the public services but it is also able to set goals and achieve them. This is the beauty, magic and efficiency of Public Administration.

Most Important Scientific Event of 2007

The scientific event with the most significant implications for the future was recognition of unique differences between genome sequences of individual people (Pennisi, 2007). It is believed that about 99.5% of human DNA is exactly the same in every person. Within that 0.5% lies the variations that are responsible for individual traits and diseases, including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, depression, alcoholism, heart disease, and other serious diseases (National Human Genome Research Institute). Genetic variations also affect how individuals respond to drugs and environmental factors. The goals of National Human Genome Research Institute are to discover and type single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and other forms of genetic variation on a large scale across the genome; to develop high-resolution maps of genetic variation and haplotypes; and to develop methods for the large-scale experimental and statistical analysis of SNPs, other forms of genetic variation, haplotypes and complex traits (National Human Genome Research Institute). Previous work on the human genome has including the search for a relationship between specific genes and various diseases, such as an â€Å"addiction gene† or a â€Å"cancer gene† or some similar link. This research has already led to the identification of specific genes that are responsible for several diseases. Previous research on the human genome has also identified what separates humans from other primates, genetically speaking. In addition to identifying the genome sequences that are responsible for diseases, breakthroughs that occurred during 2007 will allow scientists to pinpoint the genetic variations that make me, me and you, you. Individual genomes appear to include the causes of behavioral traits that had been previously attributed to personality or psychiatric characteristics and not to genetics (Pennisi, 2007). The most obvious application of this research will be in the use of gene therapy to combat diseases. At the simplest level, understanding an individual's predisposition towards certain diseases will allow physicians to recommend preventative treatments and lifestyle choices that can reduce or eliminate the genetic threat. On a more complex level, genetic research can provide new, customized treatments that are specifically designed to match the genetic needs of the individual patient. Genetic medicine could be used to treat diseases after the disease has developed or, in some cases, used to treat genetic disorders during pregnancy. While the medical applications for genome research show much promise, there are also serious implications for individual privacy and genetic discrimination. Once again, legal and ethical development has not kept pace with scientific and technological development. Despite the introduction of several pieces of legislation designed to help ensure genetic privacy and to shield individuals from the misuse of genetic information, there is still no federal legislation that addresses the issue of genetic discrimination in individual insurance coverage or to genetic discrimination in the workplace (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, 2007). As the ability to sequence the genome sequences of individuals becomes more practical, insurance companies and other interested parties might consider it cost effective to use genetic sequencing to reduce any potential liabilities from policy holders or applicants. Many insurance companies already have policies regarding preexisting conditions. The leap from policies that exclude   preexisting conditions a policy that excludes diseases for which the individual has a genetic predisposition is not that far removed. The ability to map individual genomes will open new doors for medical treatment of disease. Hopefully, 2008 will see breakthroughs of a similar magnitude in ethics and laws regarding the gathering, sharing, and use of genetic information. References National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health (2008). Genetic variation program. Online. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.genome.gov/10001551 Pennisi, E. (2007). Breakthrough of the year: Human genetic variation. Science, 318 (5858), pp. 1842 – 1843. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/318/5858/1842 U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science (2007). Genetics Privacy and Legislation. Online. Retrieved May 1, 2008, from http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/elsi/legislat.shtml

Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates Essays

Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates Essays Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates Paper Life After High School by Joyce Carol Oates Paper Essay Topic: High School In Joyce Carol Oates’s short story, Life After High School, the character’s wear masks to fit into the late 1950’s strict society that accompany them throughout the story. As the other character’s masks begin to unravel; Zach is fixated on living a normal life that his mask inevitably ends his existence. While Zach’s mental instability ends his life, his obsession saves Sunny and Tobias by removing their veils before it was too late. The main character Zachary Graff, a typical awkward teenager, excels greatly in school, but Zach’s intelligence masks his mental instability. He falls in love with the perfect, ideal, girl in high school. In reality, Zachary loves his best friend Tobias, but the constraints of the 1950’s judgmental society led him to believe that Sunny would be the perfect choice to portray a heterosexual character. He lived a conflicted life up until his death, after being rejected by both Sunny and Tobias, he felt as though death was his only way to freedom. Zach owns a 1956 Plymouth which is envied by many; this represents the masculinity that Zachary lacks. The irony is seen when the car becomes Zach’s coffin instead of expressing his sexuality. Zach expresses little to no interest in girls other than Sunny. His classmates remember him as almost antisocial, some even called him a loner. Zachary shunned sports but claims to have a liking to golf which suggests that even thoug h he lacked talent in the sport, it was accepted by his father. Barbara â€Å"Sunny† Bushman, known as the popular, â€Å"too good to be true† Christian. She represents the perfect, All-American 1950’s girl. Sunny can tell that Zach has become infatuated with her by the way he lingers around the school a little too long just to drive her home. Sunny, a devout Christian, flattered by Zachary’s gestures, unfortunately, knows that she can not tell Zachary to get lost. It just simply is not in her vocabulary after being given the ni

3 Steps To Being More Productive, Without Stressing Yourself Out

3 Steps To Being More Productive, Without Stressing Yourself Out It’s no surprise that our attention spans are shrinking and our to-do lists are spiraling hideously out of control while we procrastinate, panic, and eventually curl up into a ball watching Netflix. This is the world we live in! We all want to be more productive- the kind of people who write (and actually work through) detailed to-do lists, skipping from project to project until we’ve conquered the mountain of our goals.1. Write it downThe most important first step is to get that giant, unmanageable list out of your brain. Make a physical to-do list. Even if you already have one. Divide it into large projects and small projects so you don’t get freaked out every time you look at it thinking, AAAAH,  I HAVEN’T DONE THAT GIANT SCARY THING. Keep the giant scary things separate from the â€Å"I can do this in an hour† things. That way you can start crossing things off immediately and build enough momentum to tackle the hard stuff once you’ve se ttled into work.2. Hunker down and do itThe second step is to actually show up and do the work. That means clearing your headspace and being present and mindful of your task. Think about the parameters of each one before you start in on it. That way you’ll choose tasks that match your current state of mind at any given moment, and increase your potential for success. Sick or sad or really distracted? That’s probably not a great day to start your biggest project. Save that project for a day when you’re feeling confident and clear-headed.3. Prepare for distractionsThe final step is being able to handle the curve balls that will, inevitably, come your way. Build time and space into your work-time structure to handle the emergencies and extra assignments  as they hit you. Budgeting for this will help you not to feel that you have lost anything when you blitz through these unexpected tasks. You can go back to your existing list guilt-free.This doesn’t mean y ou’ll never again get stressed out by the piles and piles of tasks you have to do, but these guidelines should give you a strategy at how to conquer those piles without the panic. The more you practice them, the less to-do list stress you’ll have.How to Overcome Your To-Do List Anxiety

An examination of colossians Dissertation Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

An examination of colossians - Dissertation Example On the other hand, there are some scholars who are looking into the past using the lens of the current period. 4This approach also suffers from the pitfall of failing to see the uniqueness of the situation of the past, thus distinguishing it from the current human condition.5 The problem of ethnocentrism is crucial in interpreting past events, contexts, and narratives. In this regard, Colossians 1.12-13 presents an old theme and promise repeatedly told in the Old Testament that is fulfilled by Jesus in the New Testament and yet a seeming contradiction to many in contemporary society, †¦Constantly give thanks to the Father who has empowered us to receive our share in the inheritance of the saints in his kingdom of light. He has rescued us from the dominion of darkness and transferred us to the kingdom of his beloved Son †¦ The verse offers a summary of God’s redemptive act of love. It speaks no longer of a promise, but of a reality that is made available to those â₠¬Å"the Father who has qualified .. to share in the inheritance of His holy people in the kingdom of light†.6 Likewise, it uses the imagery of â€Å"deliverance as presented in Exodus and Jesus theme of Kingdom†. ... The second concern raise against Colossians 1.12-13 is the fact that, the contemporary period, lives in the â€Å"age of syncretism†. The contemporary period is marked by the continued effort of many to harmonize existing religious differences. This is not in itself wrong, but it creates a system wherein Jesus is relegated as one of the founders of religion and Christianity is just one of the many religions.8 In the effort to create a harmonious space for the co-existence of various recognized religions, beliefs, ideologies, and other principles and philosophies, Jesus becomes just one of the leaders of religion, â€Å"they are not denying him , but they are dethroning Him and robbing Him of His rightful place of preeminence†. 9As such, there is a crisis in contemporary Christian faith. Since, many fail to give to God what is due to Him as they focus on other teachings, principles, teachings and beliefs that reduce their obedience, trust, and faithfulness to the Word of God. This same scenario is the primary concern that the faithful in Colossae were facing. In fact, one of the major themes of Colossians is how to address false beliefs that threatened faith of Christians in Colossae. Geographically, Colossae was one of the three cities situated 100 miles from Ephesus.10 The other two cities were Laodicea and Hierapolis.11 Colossae was considered as the melting pot of the East and West. There was a time that it was an important trade route. However, economic activities within the city started to slow down until it became a small town. Nonetheless, Colossae remained a significant city because of the numerous beliefs and philosophies mingled within the city. Ideas continued to influx the city.12 These ideas and